Nutritional Assessment of Yam-Based Complementary Food in Protein-Energy Malnutrition of Weaned Wistar Rats
Keywords:
Assessment, Infants, Complementary, Nutrition, Feeding practicesAbstract
Complementary diets based on yam, soybean and orange-fleshed sweet potato leaves (OFSPL) were formulated and fed to weaned Wistar rats. The rats were divided into six (6) groups, with five (5) rats in each group. Four diets were formulated (Diet 1 to 4), while corn starch (Diet 5) and Cerelac (Diet 6) served as the basal and standard diets, respectively. Nutritional parameters and growth performance in the weaned Wistar rats fed the diets were measured after a 28-day feeding trial. Protein values for the formulated diets ranged from 10.00±0.20% (Diet 1) to 17.17±0.04% (Diet 4), and ash content ranged from 5.16±0.02% (Diet 4) to 5.97±0.02% (Diet 3). The protein and ash contents of the standard diet were significantly (p≤0.05) lower (15.00±0.00% and 2.30±0.00%, respectively). Energy value was highest in the standard diet (397.82±0.02 kcal/100 g), followed by 367.09±0.04 kcal/100 g in the formulated Diet 4. Biological evaluation showed average feed intake ranging from 145.00±2.00 g (basal diet) to 242.00±2.00 g (standard diet). Rats fed the basal diet lost weight (-6.87±0.02 g) and had a negative PER (-0.66±0.00), while those fed the standard diet had the highest weight gain (59.87±0.03 g), which was not significantly different (p≤0.05) from the weight gain of rats fed the formulated Diet 4 (59.80±0.05 g). Biological Value (BV) and True Digestibility (TD) of the formulated diets (1 – 4) compared favourably with those of the standard diet. This study has shown that a complementary food based on yam, soybean and OFSPL is a cheaper option and a good substitute to meet the protein–energy nutritional needs of infants.
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